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Vliv návštěvnosti na aktivitu prasete divokého v příměstských lesích
Patáková, Aneta
This study looked at the effect of attendance on the activity of wild boars in suburban forests. The method of photo traps placed in two localities with different levels of human attendance was used to monitor wild boars. Analyzes of the obtained data showed that the locality situated closer to the city was much more used by wild boars than the locality farther from the city. In general, boars were most active in October. Daily activity in both areas was found exclusively at night with a peak before midnight in the case of a locality closer to the city and with a peak in the early morning in a more distant locality.
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Struktura populací prasete divokého (Sus scrofa) a efektivita jejich lovu
Polášek, Tomáš
The structure and quantity of wild boars population estimate future status and it is necessary for right management with wild boars. In two free hunting grounds and game preserve, was in the years 2016-2019 analysis of age structure, sexual structure and weight categories. The analysis of wild boar population was implemented in 18 organise hunts and hunters hunt down 1109 wild boars. Analysis shows still uneven sex ratio in favour of females, and indicates the inefficient management in the category of piglets. In the hunting grounds is also not the right age structure and the overall composition gives the possibility to higher reproduction.
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Analýza parametrů sazenic lesních dřevin z hlediska atraktivity pro prase divoké (Sus scrofa L.)
Petrů, Markéta
Increasing population of wild boar correlate with increasing damage not only on agricultural lands on crops or grasslands, but also in forests. This damage is mainly on new forest tree plantations which in no way contributes to the successful restoration of clearings after the bark beetle calamity and has a negative impact on the economy. This diploma thesis describes possible influences that may affect the plants attractiveness for wild boar and their damage. An inventory of plants damage was carried out on randomly selected areas in the areas of southern, central and eastern Moravia. A series of experiments with plantings was also performed on the experimental area in the Moravský Krumlov game reserve, where the behaviour of pigs towards these plantings was monitored by the analysis of damaged seedlings and also from pictures taken by photo traps. Obtained inventory data showed us that the wild boar preferred containerized seedlings and deciduous tree species however the experimental system planting did not show a preference for the root system. Seedlings damage was demonstrated in the vast majority only by pulling or rooting without damaging the root system. In terms of time the seedlings were most damaged in the first week after planting, then the risk of damage decreased. To reduce the risk of disturbance by pigs on plantings a method of protection against this damage is not known yet, so the most effective solution remains to reduce the population of wild boar in affected areas.
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Zhodnocení kvality přijímané potravy prasete divokého v oboře Soutok, LČR, LZ Židlochovice
Poulíčková, Kateřina
A study evaluating the quality of feed received by wild boar in Soutok game preserve, Forest of the Czech Republic, was carried out in the period from January 2016 to March 2018. The specific feed component occurring in feed were monitored throughout the year. Macroscopic and microscopic methods were used for the qualitative evaluation. Two hundred ninety-four stomach samples were processed using these methods. The plant components accounted for 99 % of the ordinary stomach content, animal components accounted for 1 % respectively. The differences in feed intake between the seasons, age classes and the proportion of feed from supplementary feedings were evaluated. Different ways of feeding depending on the season are proposed in the conclusion of this master thesis.
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Transfer of radioactive environmental load to the population of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in selected localities of the south-western part of the Czech Republic
KOUBA, František
The contamination of the food chain of wild boar by post-Chernobyl radioactive fallout is a continuing problem in the forest ecosystems of certain localities in the Czech Republic. This study/PhD thesis is therefore focused on the evaluation of the results of radioactive contamination by radiocaesium (137Cs) of meat of wild boar caught in the localities of Novohradské Mountains and Šumava National Park in the period from December 2012 to December 2019. The aim of the work was to evaluate the occurrence of radioactive load in wild board, identification of possible seasonal trends in measured values of 137Cs, as well as possible differences in selected localities, and to evaluate the presence of 137Cs in raw materials of animal origin, specifically from wild boar, as a possible source of contamination in the human food chain. During the monitored period from December 2012 to December 2019, 137Cs content was measured in 1607 samples of wild boar, of which 654 samples were from the Novohradské Mountains in the South Bohemian Region and 953 samples from the Šumava - South Bohemian and Plzeň Region. The threshold value of 600 Bq/kg of the total amount of caesium was exceeded in 763 samples out of the total number of 1607, which is 47.5%. The maximum value of 137Cs activity was 22,540 Bq/kg, the median value was 522,4 Bq/kg and the average value was 1368,2 Bq/kg. Statistically significant differences were found between localities Novohradské Mountains and Šumava National Park. Samples from Novohradské Mountains exceeded the threshold 600 Bq/kg in 238 out of a total of 654 samples (36,4 %) of caught wild boar. In samples from the Šumava National Park, samples exceeded the threshold in 525 out of a total of 953 samples (51,1 %). When assessing the seasonal effect of the measured values of 137Cs activity in caught wild boar, statistically significant differences were detected in the winter period (November - April), when 137Cs activity reached higher values. The average value in the winter was 1674,23 Bq/kg, the median value was 741,87 Bq/kg while in the summer period (May-October) the average value was 1022,69 Bq/kg and the median value was 376,51 Bq/kg. Differences in measured values are also visible when taking into account the seasonality. In the period from December to May (each monitored year) there was a noticeable increase in measured values in the localities of Novohradské Mountains, in contrast, in the locality of the Šumava National Park this seasonality is not reflected. In general, higher measured values of 137Cs activity were shown by samples from localities of closed forest ecosystems with no or minimal share of pastures and agricultural land.
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Analýza chování prasete divokého na vnadištích
Pavelka, Martin
This bachelor thesis is dealing with the behaviour of wild boars on baiting places. The research was conducted on hunting areas in northern Moravia, district Bruntál. Not only in the chosen area, but in the whole Czech Republic is dealing with the problem of overpopulation of wild boars. The observation took place using trail cameras, which took photos of baiting places. On these places was scattered feed, which was weight before. Times of arrivals and the number of wild boars were found from trail camera photos. In the next step was calculated the average amount of feed, which can wild boar consume in one hour. From ascertained data was recommended maximum amount of feed, which will be enough for periodical arrivals of wild boar on baiting place and thus reduction of overpopulated wild boars.
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Analýza poměru pohlaví a věkové struktury vybraných populací prasete divokého a zhodnocení vlivu loveckých aktivit
Svoboda, Tomáš
In three locations in the Czech Republic an analysis of sex ratio and age structure of selected populations of wild boar was conducted in order to assess age and sex structure of hunted game. The analysis was conducted in 2016-2018 during organised hunts without distinction of sex and age. Altogether, 665 wild boars were assessed, out of which 384 were females and 281 males. Sex was identified with each head, so was their age – according to teeth development, and their weight – using scales. According to the results, the sex ratio is deteriorating with growing age, leaving more females; examined locations show poor structure of game from the point of view of both age and sex. Although farrowing was at its highest in spring, it is happening all year round.
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Výskyt plicní červivosti u prasete divokého v České republice
Poulíčková, Kateřina
A study of endoparasite Metastrogylus sp. causing lungworm in the wild boar (Sus scrofa) population was conducted between November 2016 and December 2017. Samples were collected from 13 selected localities in the Czech Republic. Using the partial helminthological autopsy of lung samples and coprological method by McMaster counting technique the prevalence and incidence of endoparasite Metastrongylus sp. were examined. 104 samples of lungs and excrements were tested by these methods. Detected prevalence of endoparasite Metastrongylus sp. was 94% of the examined lung samples. Comparison of infection incidence among selected localities, age classes, weight categories and sexes were also evaluated in this bachelor thesis.
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Inventarizace škod prasetem divokým na kulturách lesních dřevin
Glogar, Jan
Recently, we have increasingly encountered damage to wild boar on planting. Whether the seedlings are plucked out or scraped off, or if the overground or root pack is damaged, these can be fatal for next growth. This work tries to find out what information is currently available about the issue, how frequent the problem is in the Czech Republic, which experiences of people who have met these damages and how to be successful in protection. Finally, the obtained data are evaluated and a set of recommendations is formulated to minimize this problem.
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Analýza struktury a prognóza vývoje populace prasete divokého v ČR
Krátký, Matouš
The topic of this thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part deals with the population of the wild boar in the Czech Republic aiming to analyse its structure and predict its development. It was necessary to carry out various calculations according to Kolář (2014) methods to produce this work. The second part of the thesis deals with the issue of age estimation of hunted wild boar with a focus to Mitchell's methods and its practical use. For purposes of this work these methods were applied to statistically representative sample of wild boar's lower jaws, while using a new ways of visualisation of the dental cement layers.
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